HIV 101
Do you have a family member who was just diagnosed with HIV/AIDS? Are you looking for more information on HIV? Learn about our programs that serve those affected by HIV/AIDS such as thePositive Families Support Group and Community HIV 101
What is HIV/AIDS?
HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. HIV can hide for long periods of time in the cells of your body and attack key parts of your immune system- your T cells or CD4 cells. Your body has to have these cells to fight infections and disease, but HIV invades them, uses them to make more copies of itself, and then destroys them. Over time, HIV can destroy so many of your CD4 cells that your body can’t fight infections and diseases anymore. When that happens HIV can lead to AIDS.
AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. People at this stage of HIV disease have badly damaged immune systems, which put them at risk for opportunistic infections(OI's). You will be diagnosed with AIDS if you have one or more OI, certain cancers or a very low number of CD4 cells.
How do you get HIV?
HIV can be transmitted through any one of the following fluids:
- Blood
- Semen
- Pre-seminal fluid (pre-cum)
- Breast milk
- Vaginal fluids
- Rectal (anal) mucous
HIV is transmitted through body fluids in very specific ways:
- Sexual contact
- Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding
- Injection drug use
- Occupational exposure i.e. health care workers coming in contact with infected body fluids
- Blood transfusions
- Organ transplants
How can I protect myself?
HIV can be spread by having unprotected sexual contact with an HIV-positive person. Some of the ways to reduce your risk of getting HIV through sexual contact include:
- Don’t have sex. Sex is the main way that HIV is transmitted. If you aren’t having sexual contact, you are 100% protected from getting HIV in that way.
- Be monogamous. Having only one sex partner reduces your risk of getting HIV.
- Get tested and know your partner's status. Talking about your HIV status can be difficult or uncomfortable - but it's important to start the discussion BEFORE you have sex.
- Use condoms consistently and correctly. Both male and female condoms will help protect you against HIV and other STIs.
As reported by AIDS.gov
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